What are the early signs of dementia?

Dementia advice

Jan 06, 2025

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The Big Dementia Conversation: What are the early signs of dementia?

Are you or a loved one experiencing memory loss or changes in behaviour that could be early signs of dementia?

Dementia is a progressive condition, meaning it worsens over time. Recognising the early signs of dementia is crucial because it allows for early intervention that can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Obtaining an early diagnosis can open the door to treatment options, lifestyle changes, and effective care planning.

What are the early signs of dementia?

Early symptoms of dementia often present subtly yet recognising them is key to an early diagnosis. Forgetfulness, especially short-term memory loss, is one of the most common early signs. You may notice yourself or a loved one forgetting names, appointments, or important dates. In fact, 63% of people reported that forgetting things they had just done or been told was one of their first noticeable symptoms. Another common early sign of dementia can be sudden mood changes or feelings of depression. This can be confusing for loved ones as the person may act differently or say hurtful things that are out of character.

Certain behavioural changes can indicate the development of dementia, one of which is withdrawal from social activities. Individuals may feel overwhelmed in social settings and begin isolating themselves or avoiding events they would have previously attended.

Many individuals with early onset dementia experience fatigue or disrupted sleep patterns, such as insomnia or excessive tiredness. They may also struggle with feelings of anxiety and agitation, especially as they become more aware of any noticeable symptoms or face challenges in social situations.

Recognising these signs early can make a significant difference in managing the condition and improving quality of life.

How do I distinguish the difference between ageing and early signs of dementia?

As we age, it's common to experience some level of common symptoms related to ageing, such as memory loss. However, it is possible to separate and recognise the signs related to ageing from the early signs of dementia. Understanding the differences between both can help clarify whether changes in memory are part of the normal ageing process or if they signal something more serious which may need help from a medical professional.

Ageing	Early signs of dementia
Occasionally forgetting a word, but recalling it later.	Frequently forgetting simple words or using the wrong word.
Sometimes forgetting where you placed an item, but able to recall it later.	Regularly forgetting where things are, and unable to retrace their steps.
Occasional difficulty with complex tasks.	Struggling with familiar tasks that were once easy.
Occasionally losing track of time.	Becoming disoriented about the time of day or place.

It can be difficult to distinguish between the early signs of ageing and dementia. However, being aware of the typical signs of dementia can aid in early intervention and help support a loved one in managing their symptoms.

Can the early signs of dementia differ in men and women?

The early signs of dementia can occur slightly differently in men and women. While the symptoms themselves may be similar, studies suggest that men are more likely to experience behavioural changes, such as aggression, while women tend to show mood-related symptoms, like depression. It's important to be aware of how symptoms may vary between individuals, regardless of gender.

Early detection and diagnosis

Early detection of dementia is crucial for managing symptoms and improving your loved one’s quality of life. When dementia is identified in the early stages, medical professionals can recommend treatments, therapies, and lifestyle changes that may help slow down the progression.

Risk factors such as age, genetics and underlying health conditions like hypertension and diabetes can increase the likelihood of developing dementia. If you have experienced a family history of dementia, this may also raise the risk of early onset dementia.

It is important to note that anxiety and depression can sometimes be symptoms of dementia, but they may also be caused by other factors such as stress, medication side effects, or ageing. Symptoms like forgetfulness, fatigue, and social withdrawal can show similarities with signs of dementia, so it’s crucial to seek assistance or a medical assessment to distinguish between ageing and dementia.

When should I consult a doctor?

If you notice persistent memory problems, changes in behaviour, or difficulty completing tasks in yourself or your loved one, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional for support. Early diagnosis plays a key role in understanding the condition and making informed decisions about your loved one’s future care. A doctor may recommend early testing, including cognitive assessments, blood tests, and brain imaging, including an MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), which can reveal structural changes in the brain linked to dementia. While dementia is not curable, a doctor can provide support post-diagnosis, helping manage symptoms and enabling your loved one to lead a fulfilling life.

FAQs

The most common early sign of dementia is memory loss, particularly difficulty remembering recent events or conversations. This can progress to confusion and difficulty completing everyday tasks.

Dementia can begin showing signs as early as the age of 40 in some individuals, although the risk increases with age. Early signs of dementia may appear gradually and can be subtle at first.

Unfortunately, there is no cure for dementia, and its effects are not reversible. However, early intervention can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

The Big Dementia Conversation

We want to get the nation talking about dementia and some of the most difficult topics associated with the condition. Explore more articles in our online advice hub to take a closer look at the less-talked-about symptoms of dementia and how to navigate them. You can also discover more advice and support on our dementia help & advice page.

The Big Dementia Conversation

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What are the early signs of dementia?

The Big Dementia Conversation: What are the early signs of dementia?